中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
从“物流追踪网”到巨能“翅膀” 天舟护送“太空快递”安全签收****** 中新网北京5月10日电 (王雪姣 马帅莎)5月10日凌晨，太空“快递小哥”天舟四号货运飞船，在专属“物流车”长征七号遥五运载火箭的搭载下，顺利升空，踏上空间站的货物运送旅途。 科研人员为天舟四号配备了三重安全防护，打造了一张“物流追踪网络”和巨能“翅膀”，保证“太空快递”安全“签收”。 三重安全防护举措 守护“物流车”安全 火箭发射具有一定风险，中国电科集团研制的地面安全遥控系统是火箭发射的必要条件，用于发射任务的主动段，通过对火箭发射过程中的数据进行实时动态监控，来分析判断火箭状态。一旦飞行出现异常，设备将发送特殊指令启动自毁装置，最大程度避免火箭坠地造成的危害。 运载火箭上还安装了脉冲相参应答机，作为火箭飞行主动段重要的外弹道测量设备，它可以与地面雷达协同完成运载火箭全程实时航迹测量，实时传送火箭的精确位置、速度信息，为研判正常飞行提供决策支撑。 除了依靠光学跟踪、火箭上的设备对火箭监测以外，科研人员专门配备了精密测量雷达。此次发射，中国电科集团研制配备了国内首部大口径雷达遥测一体化系统，可实现对火箭精密跟踪，同时承担火箭遥测信号下行接收与解调工作，对火箭的安全飞行具有重要意义。  5月10日1时56分，搭载天舟四号货运飞船的长征七号遥五运载火箭，在中国文昌航天发射场成功发射。 中新社记者 骆云飞 摄测控“天罗地网” 畅通物流配送通道 在运送物资过程中，为了实时捕捉、监控“快递员”的运送轨迹，科研人员在陆海空天、国内外各测控站点，布设了多型号统一测控系统、遥测系统、中继卫星等，共同织就立体通信测控网，全方位、无死角地追踪捕捉“快递”位置。 在火箭送飞行器入轨的过程中，多型号统一测控系统、遥测系统、系列测控通信设备，编织成高效可靠的“空-地信息高速公路网”，通过接收和发送指令，精确测量火箭和飞行器的速度、距离、飞行姿态和角度，为火箭发射和天舟四号成功入轨提供精确数据，控制飞行器按照预定轨迹飞行。 在海上，新一代船载测量雷达可在测量船摇摆的情况下得到和地面一样高的测量精度，有效弥补陆地测量时间不足，延长测量弧段。 “超稳”太阳电池阵 为物资飞天插上巨能“翅膀” 据悉，中国空间站组合体连续工作一天的用电量抵得上一个家庭约一年的用电量。要想满足如此高的用电需求，中国电科为空间站的每一个航天器，打造了各具特色的巨能“翅膀”，它们组合起来宛如一座巨大的“能量加油站”。 其中，为天舟货运飞船打造的国内独创半刚性太阳电池阵“翅膀”，具备高能量、大功率等优势，两翼供电能力超过8kW，其一天的发电量就能满足普通家庭半个多月的用电量。 作为一款高电压、万瓦级的大功率太阳电池阵产品，半刚性太阳电池阵以“碳纤维框架+玻璃纤维网格结构”为基板，在继承天舟一号半刚性太阳电池阵技术基础上，天舟四号货运飞船使用的太阳电池阵产品，进一步提高了三结砷化镓太阳电池效率，解决了低轨道高电压太阳电池阵防静电充/放电等问题，降低了太阳电池阵工作温度，让天舟四号这个“大体格”也能“一飞冲天”，顺利将各种物资运往太空。(完)
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